Òâåðñêîé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé óíèâåðñèòåò

 

 

ÊÀÔÅÄÐÀ     ÈÍÔÎÐÌÀÒÈÊÈ

 

Ðàáî÷àÿ  ó÷åáíàÿ  ïðîãðàììà

 

 

Äèñöèïëèíà:  "ÏÐÎÅÊÒÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÝÔÔÅÊÒÈÂÍÛÕ ÀËÃÎÐÈÒÌÎÂ"

Íàïðàâëåíèå: Ïðèêëàäíàÿ ìàòåìàòèêà è èíôîðìàòèêà

Àâòîð  Ì.È. Äåõòÿðü

 

 

 

 

Îáùèé  áþäæåò  âðåìåíè

 

Ñåìåñòð          Àóäèòîðíûå  çàíÿòèÿ (÷àñ.)             Ýêçà-  Êîíòð.

            __________________________________________  ìåíû   (ê-âî)

             Ëåêöèè     Ïðàêòè÷åñêèå      Èòîãî         (ê-âî)

                        çàíÿòèÿ

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  I           46              46          92             1       3

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  II          38              38          76             1

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Èòîãî         84              84          168              2      3

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          Ñîäåðæàíèå ðàáî÷åé ó÷åáíîé ïðîãðàììû

                 7 - 8-îé  ñåìåñòðû

 

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N      Òåìà, âèä çàíÿòèÿ     Êîë-âî      Íàèìåíîâàíèå    Ëèòåðàòóðà,

ï/ï                          ÷àñîâ       çàíÿòèé         çàäàíèå

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1            2                 3            4                 5

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1.    Ìîäåëè âû÷èñëåíèé

1.1.  Ë+Ïð                    2+1    ÏÄÏ-ìàøèíû. Ìåðû        1 ãë.1

                                     ñëîæíîñòè âû÷èñëåíèé.

1.2. Ë+ÏР                    1+2    Ëèíåéíûå ïðîãðàììû.

                                     Áèòîâûå ëèíåéíûå ïðî-

                                     ãðàììûåòâÿùèåñÿ

                                     ïðîãðàììû.

1.3. Ë+ÏР                    2+1    Ìîäåëüíûé àëãîðèòìè÷åñ-

                                     êèé ÿçûê è ñëîæíîñòü

                                     îñíîâíûõ êîíñòðóêöèé.

2.   Ñòðóêòóðû äàííûõ è

     îñíîâíûå ìåòîäû                                         1 ãë. 2

2.1. Ë+ÏР                    1+1    Ñïèñêè, ñòåêè,î÷åðåäè.

2.2. Ë+ÏÐ                     1+2    Ãðàôû, äåðåâüÿ, áèíàðíûå

                                     äåðåâüÿ. Ñïîñîáû ïðåäñòàâ-

                                     ëåíèÿ. Àëãîðèòìû îáõîäà.

2.3. Ë+ÏР                    2+2    Ìåòîä ðàçðàáîòêè "ðàçäåëÿé

                                     è âëàñòâóé"ëãîðèòì óìíî-

                                     æåíèÿ äâîè÷íûõ ÷èñåë.

2.4. Ë+ÏР                    2+2    Äèíàìè÷åñêîå ïðîãðàììèðîâà-

                                     íèå. Àëãîðèòì ðàñïîçíàâàíèÿ

                                     êñ-ÿçûêîâ.

3. Ñîðòèðîâêà

3.1. Ë+ÏР                    2+2    Íèæíèå îöåíêè ÷èñëà      1 ãë.3

                                     ñðàâíåíèé (â "õóäøåì"

                                     è â "ñðåäíåì" ñëó÷àÿõ).

                                     Àëãîðèòìû ñîðòèðîâêè

                                     îáìåíàìè è ñëèÿíèåì.

3.2. Ë+ÏР                    1+1    Àëãîðèòì áûñòðîé ñîð-    1 ãë.3

                                     òèðîâêè. Àëãîðèòì

                                     ïèðàìèäàëüíîé ñîðòè-

                                     ðîâêè.

 

-3-

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1            2                 3            4                    5

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3.3. Ë+ÏР                    1+1    Àëãîðèòì ëåêñèêîãðàôè-    1 ãë.3

                                     ÷åñêîé ñîðòèðîâêè.

3.4. Ë+ÏР                    1+1    Àëãîðèòìû íàõîæäåíèÿ      1 ãë.3

                                     k-ãî íàèìåíüøåãî ýëåìåíòà.

3.5. Ë+ÏР                    2+2    Íèæíÿÿ îöåíêà ÷èñëà        5 ãë.5

                                     ñðàâíåíèé äëÿ íàõîæäåíèÿ

                                     2-ãî ïî âåëè÷èíå ýëåìåíòà

                                     (òåîðåìà Êèñëèöûíà).

 

4.  Çàäà÷è ïîèñêà. Ìåòîä

    ðàññòàíîâêè (õåøèðîâàíèå)

4.1. Ë+ÏР                    2+2    Àëãîðèòìû âûïîëíåíèÿ     5 ãë.6

                                     îñíîâíûõ îïåðàöèé.

                                     "Âíåøíèå" è "âíóòðåí-

                                     íèå" öåïè.

4.2. Ë+ÏР                    1+3    Ïîâòîðíîå õåøèðîâàíèå.   2

                                     Âûáîð õåø-ôóíêöèè.

 

5.  Çàäà÷è ïîèñêà è ðàáîòà

    ñ ìíîæåñòâàìè

5.1. Ë+ÏР                    1+2    Äåðåâüÿ äâîè÷íîãî ïîèñ-   1 ãë.4

                                     êà. Àëãîðèòì ïîñòðîåíèÿ

                                     îïòèìàëüíîãî äåðåâà ÄÂÏ.

5.2. Ë+ÏР                    2+2    2-3-äåðåâüÿ. Àëãîðèòìû    1 ãë.4

                                     âñòàâêè è óäàëåíèÿ ýë-â.

5.3. Ë+ÏР                    4+2    Àëãîðèòìû äëÿ îïåðàöèé    1 ãë.4

                                     ÎÁÚÅÄÈÍÈÒÜ, ÍÀÉÒÈ:1) ñ     2

                                     èñïîëüçîâàíèåì ìàññèâîâ

                                     è ñïèñêîâ; 2) ñ èñïîëüçî-

                                     âàíèåì äåðåâüåâ.

5.4. Ë+ÏР                    1+1    Àëãîðèòì ïðîâåðêè ýêâèâà-  1 ãë.4

                                     ëåíòíîñòè êîí. àâòîìàòîâ.

5.5. Ë+ÏР                    1+2    Â-äåðåâüÿ è àëãîðèòìû      2 ãë. 4

                                     ðàáîòû ñ íèìè.             5 ãë.6

 

6.   Àëãîðèòìû íà ãðàôàõ

6.1. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Ìèíèìàëüíîå îñòîâíîå       1 ãë.5

                                     äåðåâî. Ïîèñê â ãëóáèíó    6 ãë. 2

                                     è ïîèñê â øèðèíó.           2

6.2. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Àëãîðèòì ÄØÓ äëÿ îáõîäà    1 ãë.5

                                     îðãðàôà. Àëãîðèòì îïðåäå-   2

                                     ëåíèÿ äâóñâÿçíûõ êîìïî-

                                     íåíò ãðàôà.

6.3. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Àëãîðèòìû ïîñòðîåíèÿ       1 ãë.5

                                     òðàíçèòèâíîãî çàìûêàíèÿ è  6 ãë.3

                                     íàõîæäåíèÿ êðàò÷àéøèõ ïóòåé.  2

6.4. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Çàäà÷à î ìàêñèìàëüíîì     

                                     ïîòîêå â ñåòÿõ. Àëãîðèòì   8 ãë.6

                                     Ôîðäà- Ôàëêåðñîíà.

6.5. Ë+ÏР                     4+4   Àëãîðèòì íàõîæäåíèÿ ìàêñ.   6 ãë.4

                                     ïîòîêà çà êóáè÷åñêîå âðåìÿ. 8 ãë.9

6.6. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Ïðîñòûå ñåòè è çàäà÷à î     6 ãë.4

                                     ìàêñèìàëüíîì ïàðîñî÷åòàíèè. 

7.   Âû÷èñëèòåëüíàÿ ãåîìåòðèÿ

7.1. Ë+Ïð                      2+1   Çàäà÷à îá îõðàíå ãàëåðåè.    9

7.2. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Àëãîðèòìû òðèàíãóëÿöèè       6 ãë. 6

                                     ìíîãîóãîëüíèêîâ.

7.3. Ë+ÏР                     2+1   Òðèàíãóëÿöèè Äåëîíå è        6 ãë.6

                                     äèàãðàììû Âîðîíîãî.

7.4. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Ïîñòðîåíèå âûïóêëîãî çàìûêàíèÿ 6 ãë. 3,4

                                     ìíîæåñòâà òî÷åê íà ïëîñêîñòè.  9 ãë. 35

7.5. Ë+ÏР                     2+1   Íàõîæäåíèå îïòèìàëüíîãî ïóòè

                                     ðîáîòà íà ïëîñêîñòè ñ ïðåïÿòñòâèÿìè.

 

8.  Óìíîæåíèå ìàòðèö è

    ñâÿçàííûå çàäà÷è                                             1 ãë.6

8.1. Ë+ÏР                     1+1   Àëãîðèòì Øòðàññåíà äëÿ

                                     óìíîæåíèÿ ìàòðèö.

8.2. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   ÍÂÏ-ðàçëîæåíèå ìàòðèö.

                                     Ñëîæíîñòü îáðàùåíèÿ ìàò-

                                     ðèö, âû÷èñëåíèÿ îïðåä.

                                     è ðåøåíèÿ ñèñòåìû ëèíåéíûõ

                                     óðàâíåíèé.

8.3. Ë+ÏР                     3+3   Àëãîðèòì ×Ð äëÿ óìíîæåíèÿ

                                     áóëåâûõ ìàòðèö. Ñâÿçü ìåæäó

                                     óìíîæåíèåì áóëåâûõ ìàòðèö

                                     è íàõîæäåíèåì òðàíçèòèâíîãî

                                     çàìûêàíèÿ ãðàôà.

 

9.   Èäåíòèôèêàöèÿ ñòðîê                                         1 ãë.9

9.1. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Ðåãóëÿðíûå âûðàæåíèÿ, ÿçûêè 

                                     è ÍÊÀàñïîçíàâàíèå îáðàçöîâ,

                                     çàäàâàåìûõ ðåãóëÿðíûìè âûð-ìè.  

9.2. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Àëãîðèòì Ìîððèñà-Ïðàòòà äëÿ

                                     çàäà÷è âõîæäåíèÿ ïîäñëîâ.

9.3.(*) Ë+ÏÐ                   1+1   Àëãîðèòì Áîéåðà-Ìóðà  äëÿ     2 ãë.34

                                     çàäà÷è âõîæäåíèÿ ïîäñëîâ

9.4.(*) Ë+ÏР                  1+1  Àëãîðèòì  Êíóòà-Ìîððèñà-Ïðàòòà

                                     (Ìîíòå-Êàðëî è Ëàñ-Âåãàñ)

 

9.5. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Ñóôôèêñíûå äåðåâüÿ è ðåøàåìûå

                                     ñ èõ ïîìîùüþ çàäà÷èëãîðèòì

                                     ïîñòðîåíèÿ ÑÄ çà ëèíåéíîå (îò

                                     åãî ðàçìåðà) âðåìÿ.

9.6.(*) Ë+ÏР                  2+2   Äâyñòîpîííèå äåòåpìèíèpîâàííûå

                                     ìàãàçèííûå àâòîìàòû è èõ ÿçûêè.

9.7.(*) Ë+ÏР                  1+1   Çàäà÷à ëîêàëüíîãî âûðàâíèâàíèÿ

                                     ñëîâ. Åå ïðèëîæåíèå ê áèîèíôîðìàòèêå.

 

 

10. Ñèíòåç ïðîãðàìì è áàçèñ

   ôóíêöèîíàëüíûõ çàâèñèìîñòåé

10.1. Ë+ÏР                     2+2   Âû÷èñëèòåëüíûå ìîäåëè è    

                                     ôóíêöèîíàëüíûå çàâèñèìîñòè  7 ãë.5

                                     â ðåëÿöèîííûõ ÁÄ. Àëãîðèòì

                                     ïîèñêà îò öåëè.

10.2.Ë+ÏР                      2+2   Àëãîðèòì ïîèñêà îò äàííûõ  

                                     çà ëèíåéíîå âðåìÿ.          7 ãë.5

 

11. NP-ïîëíûå çàäà÷è

11.1. Ë                        2     Êëàññû P è NP.Òåîðåìà       1 ãë.10

                                     Êóêà-Ëåâèíà î NP-ïîëíîòå SAT.

11.2. Ë+ÏР                    4+4   Ïðèìåðû NP-ïîëíûõ çàäà÷ â   1 ãë. 10

                                     ëîãèêå, òåîðèè ãðàôîâ,      4 ãë. 2,5

                                     àëãåáðå, êîìáèíàòîðèêå,

11.3. Ë+ÏР                    1+1   Ñèëüíàÿ NP-ïîëíîòà çàäà÷è   4 ãë.3

                                     3-ÐÀÇÁÈÅÍÈÅ. Çàäà÷à î       4

                                     áàðòåðíûõ ñäåëêàõ.

 

11.4. Ë+ÏР                    1+2   Ïîäõîäû ê ðåøåíèþ NP-ïîëíûõ  4 ãë.3

                                     çàäà÷ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì

                                     ýâðèñòè÷åñêèõ è ïðèáëèæåííûõ

                                     àëãîðèòìîâ.

11.5.(*) Ë+ÏР                 1+1   Âåpîÿòíîñòíûå àëãîpèòìû.      4

                                     Âåðîÿòíîñòíîå ðàñïîçíàâàíèå

                                     ñîñòàâíûõ ÷èñåë.

11.6.(*) Ë+ÏÐ                  1+1   Êëàññ PSPACE. Ïîëíîòà çàäà÷è   4

                                     QBF â ýòîì êëàññå. PSPACE-     4 ãë.4

                                     ïîëíûå èãpû.

11.7.(*) Ë+ÏР                 2+1   Äîêàçyåìî òpyäíûå çàäà÷è.      1 ãë.11

11.8. Ë                        2     Îáçîð àáñòðàêòíîé òåîðèè

                                      ñëîæíîñòè.

 

 

 

12(*). Çàäà÷è íà òåpìàõ

    (âûpàæåíèÿõ)

12.1. Ë+ÏР                    2+2   Ëèíåéíûé àëãîpèòì             

                                     yíèôèêàöèè òåpìîâ.

12.2. Ë+ÏР                    2+2   Ëèíåéíûé àëãîpèòì äëÿ         

                                     îïpåäåëåíèÿ îáùèõ

                                     ïîäâûpàæåíèé.

12.3. Ë+ÏР                    2+2   Àëãîpèòì äëÿ âûâîäèìîñòè       

                                     pàâåíñòâà âûpàæåíèé.

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Â Ñ Å Ã Î                      168

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     Ëèòåðàòóðà

Îñíîâíàÿ:

   1. À.Àõî, Äæîïêðîôò, Äæ. Óëüìàí. Ïîñòðîåíèå è àíàëèç âû÷èñëèòåëüíûõ àëãîðèòìîâ.- Ì.:Ìèð, 1979.

           2.Ò.Êîðìåí, ×.Ëåéçåðñîí, Ð.Ðèâåñò. Àëãîðèòìû(ïîñòðîåíèå è àíàëèç). ÌÖÍÎ, Ì.,1999.

 

Äîïîëíèòåëüíàÿ:

 

3. Í.Âèðò. Àëãîðèòìû è ñòðóêòóðû äàííûõ.- Ì.:Ìèð, 1989.

4. Ì.Ãýðè, Ä.Äæîíñîí. Âû÷èñëèòåëüíûå ìàøèíû è òðóäíîðå­øàåìûå çàäà÷è. Ì.:Ìèð, 1982.

5. Ä.Êíóò. Èñêóññòâî ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ äëÿ ÝÂÌ. ò.3. Ñîð­òèðîâêà è ïîèñê.- Ì.: Ìèð, 1978.

6. Â.Ëèïñêèé. Êîìáèíàòîðèêà äëÿ ïðîãðàììèñòîâ.-Ì.:Ìèð,1988.

7. Ä.Ìåéåð. Òåîðèÿ ðåëÿöèîííûõ áàç äàííûõ. Ì.:Ìèð, 1987.

8. Õ.Ïàïàäèìèòðèó, Ê.Ñòàéãëèö. Êîìáèíàòîðíàÿ îïòèìèçàöèÿ. Àëãîðèòìû è ñëîæíîñòü.- Ì.:Ìèð, 1985.

9. Ô. Ïðåïàðàòà, Ì. Øåéìîñ. Âû÷èñëèòåëüíàÿ ãåîìåòðèÿ. Ââåäåíèå. – Ì.- Ìèð, 1989.