Definition 5Let M be an L-structure. An L-formula φ(x,y) is called an independent formula in M iff the following property holds:for each natural n there are a1,…,an in M such that for any subset σ of { a1,…,an } there is bσ in M such that { ai | φ(ai, bσ)} is σ. M lucks the independence property iff there is no independent formula in M. |